hooshang afzali gorouh; Farzad Azadshahraki; ladan shafie
Abstract
Minimum tillage and no tillage methods not only increase soil fertility but also reduce energy consumption and production costs. This study was performed to determine the energy indices in corn production under different tillage systems (conventional tillage, minimum tillage by disk, minimum tillage ...
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Minimum tillage and no tillage methods not only increase soil fertility but also reduce energy consumption and production costs. This study was performed to determine the energy indices in corn production under different tillage systems (conventional tillage, minimum tillage by disk, minimum tillage by chisel packer, and no tillage) in corn farms of Orzuiyeh region, Kerman province in 2017. For this purpose, questionnaires were filled by farmers and the necessary data were collected through interviews with them. In this study, energy efficiency, net energy gain, energy productivity, energy intensity and water use efficiency indices were calculated and analyzed. Results of this study showed that the maximum energy efficiency (1.81 MJ / ha) and maximum net energy gain (51402 MJ / ha) were achieved in minimum tillage by disk treatment. Energy productivity index was equal to 0.155, 0.155, 0.123 and 0.105 kg / ha for conventional tillage, minimum tillage by disk, minimum tillage by chisel packer and no tillage respectively. Maximum energy intensity (9 MJ/kg) was found in conventional tillage and minimum energy intensity (8.1 MJ/kg) was calculated in minimum tillage by disk treatment. Maximum water use efficiency (0.85 kg/m3) was found in the treatment of minimum tillage by disk. The results of this study also indicated that in corn cultivation in Orzuiyeh region, the maximum amount of energy consumptions occur in water supply, fertilizer application, machinery equipment and fuel respectively. Modification of irrigation methods, optimation of fertilizer consumption and using minimum tillage methods may improve energy ratio and increase farmer’s income in corn production in Orzuiyeh region.
Jalal Javadi Moghaddam; sayid Ozlati; Ghasem Zarei; Davood MOMENI; Farzad Azadshahraki
Abstract
Greenhouse structure is one of the most important factors in the greenhouse industry; enhancing its strength and decreasing the cost of its manufacturing have always been among manufacturers consideration. The aims of this study were to design an octagonal greenhouse with square cross-sectional components ...
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Greenhouse structure is one of the most important factors in the greenhouse industry; enhancing its strength and decreasing the cost of its manufacturing have always been among manufacturers consideration. The aims of this study were to design an octagonal greenhouse with square cross-sectional components with enough resistance to standard loads applied by structure stress analysis methods. Design and optimization of this greenhouse involved selecting the minimum thickness of the profiles and columns. In addition, the layout of the trusses is led to minimum weight of structures per square meter. This greenhouse was designed to have nessecary structure standards and could be used in different climate conditions of Iran. In design process, initially the effects of wind load with 120 km/h were determined by using fluid dynamics calculations. Afterward, the main frame of the structure including columns, horizontal beams and trusses, were designed according to wind, snow and pendant loads. The results showed that the wieght of metal to be used to build the structure of greenhouse was less than 8.5 Kg/m2 , very lower than that in similar stuctures (20 kg/m2).
Farzad Azadshahraki; Siamak Kalantari; Bahareh Jamshidi
Abstract
Several destructive and non-destructive methods are employed to measure the fruits and vegetables quality. Destructive methods are principally expensive and time-consuming. In the current study, some quality attributes of Vitis vinifera CV. Asgari such as soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity ...
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Several destructive and non-destructive methods are employed to measure the fruits and vegetables quality. Destructive methods are principally expensive and time-consuming. In the current study, some quality attributes of Vitis vinifera CV. Asgari such as soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), pH and total phenolics (TP) measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). For this purpose spectroscopy was performed for 110 grape samples in the range of 900-1700 nm chemicals measures were carried out for the quality attributes of samples, and calibrated models were used to establish the correlation between the spectral data and chemical measurements. Results indicated that the best Partial least square (PLS) models had root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) equivalent to 0.580, brix of 0.02%, 0.125 and 23.441 and correlation coefficients (rp) of 0.927, 0.806, 0.898 and 0.866 for SSC, TA, pH and TP respectively. Comparison between the mean values predicted by the best models and the mean values measured by the reference method for each attribute showed a non-significant difference between the values predicted by the best models and the measured values by reference method at the 5% level for all attributes. It was concluded that NIRs could be a fast and accurate method for non-destructive prediction of some internal quality of Asgari grape< and other attributes which are difficult to measure.
